More recently, Alvarenga et al. described RICTOR expression and AKT phosphorylation on serine 473 in 195 patients with brain tumors (38 grade I, 49 grade II, 15 grade III, and 93 grade IV astrocytoma) and correlated AKT activation with overall survival (OS) [53]. Here, RICTOR is linked to astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).