SEMA3D and Hirschsprung disease: SEMA3 signaling is known to regulate the development of the enteric nervous system in rodents and rare heterozygous loss of function variants in SEMA3C and SEMA3D have been associated with Hirschsprung’s disease in humans (Jiang et al., 2015), a disorder characterized by failure of development of parasympathetic ganglion cells in the large intestine.