Elevated CXCL13 in CSF, however, also occur in other inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as bacterial and viral meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis, and CNS lymphoma [6–8] and in patients with autoimmune CNS diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) [9, 10]. The gene discussed is CXCL13; the disease is viral encephalitis.