The mean syndecan-1 levels for both the surgery group (50.5 ± 46.9 ng/mL) and sepsis group (160 ± 109 ng/mL) were higher compared to controls (20.5 ± 5.05 ng/mL) (p = 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). The gene discussed is SDC1; the disease is Sepsis.