Infusion of IL-6 into patients with metastatic renal cell cancer caused elevated markers of thrombin generation [153], and in a mouse model of cancer cachexia with high, TF-independent thrombin generation, blocking tumour-derived IL-6 led to a decrease in thrombin generation by the CAT assay [154], implying a causative association between elevated cytokines and thrombosis in cancer. This evidence concerns the gene TF and neoplasm.