INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the greatest public health challenges in today's world.[1] The body becomes either resistant to insulin or gradually loses the ability to produce insulin.[2] According to the World Health Organization, global report on diabetes incidence, an estimated 422 million people were found to be living with diabetes in 2014.[3] International Diabetes Federation reported that it is estimated that there will be 629 million people with diabetes by the end of 2045, and diabetes-related health expenditure will exceed US$776 billion.[4]