BRCA1 and ductal breast carcinoma in situ: A few retrospective studies have examined the prevalence of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations in women diagnosed with DCIS and have reported mutation rates ranging between 3.3% (Claus, Petruzella, Matloff, & Carter, 2005) and 13% (Frank et al., 2002; Hall, Reid, & Wenstrup, 2010).