BRAF and neoplasm: Although BRAF and NRAS are frequently mutated in human melanoma, coexistence of BRAF c.1799T>A(V600E) and NRAS c.181C>A (Q61K)/182A>G (Q61R) changes within the same melanoma tumor is essentially nonexistent [2, 12] except in situations of acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors [3].