Our data also suggest that chronic exposure to an n-6HFD downregulates APC expression via CpG hypermethylation and this associates with increased expression of COX-2 via PTSG-2 CpG hypomethylation and accumulation of C-JUN and CCND1, thus increasing the risk of inflammation and cancer of the colon. Here, CCND1 is linked to colonic neoplasm.