AVPR1A and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: By contrast, mHFD-induced obesity did not alter hippocampal expression of Avpr1a in male or female offspring (Avpr1a: mHFD males 1.05 ± 0.08, control males 1.47 ± 0.32; mHFD females 1.01 ± 0.32, control females 1.097 ± 0.22).