Tripartite motif-containing protein (TRIM) family members such as TRIM 16 and TRIM 25 are known to be up-regulated 3, 7 and 16 days post-ISAv infection in salmon [62], and although their exact functions in fish are unknown they are hypothesized to play a role in modulating fundamental innate anti-viral immune responses. This evidence concerns the gene TRIM49B and infection.