VIM and cholangiocarcinoma: Expression of the epithelial cell marker E‐cadherin is up‐regulated while expression of the mesenchymal markers vimentin and N‐cadherin were inhibited in transformed cells.5 Proteins such as Snail1 and Twist bind to the promoter of E‐cadherin to suppress expression.6 Recent evidence highlights the critical role of EMT not only in promoting cancer metastasis and immune escape but also in the progression of CC.3