Finally, hyperglycemia is an important epigenetic factor that induces several modifications leading to differential expression of genes involved in diabetes-induced chronic pathologies, such as vascular complications [53], and DUSP1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and expression levels have been reported to be affected by this process in the morbidly obese and those with metabolic syndrome [54]. The gene discussed is DUSP1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.