HAMP and renal cell carcinoma: In patients with RCC, hepcidin levels were higher in the relapse subgroup (18.39 [8.2, 28] ng/mL) compared to both, control patients (5.82 [3.9, 11.2] ng/mL; p = 0.001) and the recurrence-free subgroup (7.13 [3.6, 15.5] ng/ml; p = 0.002, Fig. 5a).