TNF and infection: Finally, having published the outcomes of 797 pregnancies in abstracts only, the Pregnancy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Neonatal Outcomes (PIANO) registry found no elevated risks of spontaneous miscarriages, CM, preterm deliveries, intrauterine growth disorders, abnormal development or cesarean sections under thiopurines [26]; however, a higher infection rate was described in babies aged 9–12 months in the combination group (thiopurines and TNF-α blockers) compared to non-exposed children.