SCD and fatty liver disease: Given that SCD1 catalyzes the formation of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) from saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and that an increase in the MUFA/SFA ratio has been correlated with an improvement in both glucose and lipid metabolism (Benhamed et al., 2012), the increase in Scd1 mRNA levels observed in HFD-IRA mice, together with the decrease in Fasn and Pgc1a mRNA levels, could explain the improvement in glucose homeostasis and liver steatosis observed in HFD-IRA mice.