On the contrary, autophagy was indicated to participate in microRNA (miR)-124-induced cell death in human CCA cells (Table 4) [537] and in dihydroartemisinin-triggered cell death of human CCA cells through the death-associated protein kinase (DAPK)–Beclin 1 pathway (Table 4) [538]. The gene discussed is DAPK1; the disease is cholangiocarcinoma.