On the other hand, EphA4 is overexpressed in a wide range of cancers (including glioblastoma, pancreatic, colorectal, gastric, prostate, and breast cancers) and is often associated with poor patient prognosis and shorter survival (Ashida et al., 2004, Brantley-Sieders et al., 2011, Fukai et al., 2008, Hachim et al., 2017, Iiizumi et al., 2006, Lin et al., 2017, Miyazaki et al., 2013, Oki et al., 2008, Oshima et al., 2008). Here, EPHA4 is linked to cancer.