PAX1 and ovarian carcinoma: PAX1 gene in cervical and ovarian cancer is silenced by methylation and is considered as a tumor suppressor gene (Chang et al., 2014; Hassan, Hafez, Kamel, & Zekri, 2017; Kan et al., 2014; Kong, Du, Wang, Yang, & Zhang, 2015; Su et al., 2009).