It is well‐established that AMPKα1 but not AMPKα2 is highly expressed in macrophages, and the enhanced activation of AMPKα1 in macrophages increases the differentiation into the anti‐inflammatory M2 type,26, 28 which will promote the tumour progression.38 It was obvious that there were many resident Kupffer macrophage cells in the a liver and the macrophages from blood were recruited into tumour areas (Figure 4C). This evidence concerns the gene PRKAA2 and neoplasm.