The results presented here demonstrated that NGR1 could decrease the levels of urinary albumin, and serum TG, TCH, BUN, CR, and β2-MG levels in db/db mice, alleviate the pathological changes of the kidney, and downregulate the expression levels of TGF-β1 and collagen I, clearly exhibiting a certain protective effect on diabetic nephropathy. Here, RTN4R is linked to diabetic kidney disease.