Our recent study revealed that the CTLA-4 rs231775 GG genotype, which was reported to have an attenuated inhibitory effect on T cell reactions [21] and was associated with greater T cell activation and proliferation and autoimmune diseases [22], was also associated with favorable 90- and 28-day survival in septic patients compared to the survival rates of A allele carriers at this position [20]. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is autoimmune disease.