Fig 3F demonstrates that lincRNA-IBIN overexpression provides protection against an E. cloacae infection. lincRNA-IBIN overexpression does not itself induce antimicrobial peptides (Fig 3G and 3H), indicating that the protection is independent of the AMPs. Taken together, lincRNA-IBIN overexpression enhances the expression of target genes of the Toll pathway. Upon infection, lincRNA-IBIN overexpression gave flies a survival advantage. Here, TLR4 is linked to infection.