Increased proportions of CD4+ T cells express CTLA-4, OX40, Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR family related gene (GITR), tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor type II (TNFRII), PD-1, LAG3, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-3 (TIM3) and CD69 during P. vivax (49, 50) and P. falciparum (51) malarias. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and malaria.