AKT1 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Moreover, targets of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway have been found to promote cell survival [98] and the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway can be induced by TGFβ, leading to a pro-survival/anti-apoptotic effect in both human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells [99] and mesenchymal cells/fibroblasts [100].