Several diseases such as neurofibromatosis type 1 and type 2 [31], tuberous sclerosis (TSC1 and TSC2) [32], Lynch syndrome [33], melanoma-astrocytoma syndrome [34], Ollier disease/Maffucci syndrome [35], and Li-Fraumeni syndrome [36], are associated with the risk of developing gliomas, but only 5–10% of cases of gliomas are reported to show genetic predisposition [21]. The gene discussed is TSC1; the disease is central nervous system cancer.