To examine whether IFN-β has an impact on the more rapid decline of TER during TLR3 deficiency, we pretreated TLR3-deficient OE cells with 50U/ml of exogenous IFN-β 1hr prior to infection; however, the TLR3-deficient OE cells exhibited no significant change TER during infection when compared to the untreated TLR3-deficient OE cells (Fig 2B). Here, TLR3 is linked to infection.