BDKRB1 and systemic lupus erythematosus: Although B1R expression on systemic immune cells in LN was not examined in this study, our results support the hypothesis that bradykinin receptor blockade may serve to ameliorate systemic immunity by silencing dendritic cells and helper T cells, which in itself should be sufficient to ameliorate lupus, both at the systemic level and the end-organ disease manifestations, including LN.