The insufficient ATM-p53 function in T cells from RA patients shifts the differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells toward the Th1 and Th17 effector lineages rather than Treg cells, thereby generating an arthrogenic effect of T cells and imposing a hyperinflammatory phenotype in the synovial tissue (10, 82). Here, TP53 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.