VEGFA and neoplasm: We demonstrated there that relative to Scr-MAP vaccinated mice, tumors or metastases were reduced and even eliminated, angiogenesis and its mediators VEGF and MMP-9 were reduced, more CD8+ T cells and macrophages infiltrated the tumors and were engaged in killing tumor cells, TGFβ was reduced and an increase in a Th1/M1 gene signature was detected (33).