In this study, we showed that Taltirelin significantly reduced the toxicity of MPP+ and rotenone in SH-SY5Y cells and rat primary SN neurons, ameliorated the behavioral disturbance induced by MPTP or rotenone in PD mice via inhibiting MAO-B activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, reducing the abnormal phosphorylation of α-synuclein and tau, inhibiting the activation of AEP and its specific cleavage effect, thus provides evidence for Taltirelin in protective treatment of PD. This evidence concerns the gene MAOB and Parkinson disease.