C9orf72 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Furthermore, increased glutamate receptor levels and age‐dependent aberrant neuronal excitability have been observed in C9orf72 NRE‐linked ALS/FTD in vitro models, animal models, and/or patients (Selvaraj et al, 2018; Starr:2018fv Shi et al, 2018), and we demonstrate through our neuronal excitotoxic stress and neuronal activity experiments that increased neuronal excitability increases non‐AUG‐dependent translation of the C9orf72 NRE.