IFNG and diabetes mellitus: For example, MSC-EVs were reported to inhibit the expression of IFN-γ in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, increase the production of anti-inflammatory factors (such as TGF-β, IL-10), decrease the number of Th17 cells, increase the regulatory T cells (Treg) count, and convert IFN-γ-producing T cells into anti-inflammatory T helper 2 (Th2), and inhibit the proliferation of B cells [26–28].