ERBB2 and breast carcinoma: In human breast cancer and mammary epithelial cells with high expression of ERBB2, ethanol induces ERBB2 expression and its autophosphorylation that activates the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling members, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH2 terminal protein kinase (JNK1/2), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), PI3-kinase (Phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase) and Akt (AK strain transforming), well-known to be downstream targets of ERBB2 [13].