Serum cytokine quantification using multiplex ELISA probing in 9- and 13-month-old 3xTg-AD animals revealed increased levels of IL-2, TNF-α, IL-17, and GM-CSF compared with controls but no changes in other cytokine/chemokine investigated (Fig. 4 and data not shown, detailed statistics: Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Alzheimer disease.