NFKB1 and Hyperglycemia: Hyperglycemia induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors by activating key signal pathways associated with MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinases), NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) and STAT3 (signal transducers and activators of transcription depending on ROS and oxidative stress) (Sweet et al. 2009).