Up to now, the major genetic knowledge of Wilms tumor was largely restricted to mutations of Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1), Wilms tumor gene on the X chromosome (WTX), tumor protein 53 (TP53), catenin β 1 (CTNNB1), and the imprinted 11p15 region [13–15]. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is Wilms tumor.