Importantly, PIWIL2 is required for maintaining the equilibrium between euchromatin and heterochromatin in response to cisplatin treatment in mammalian cells, and increased levels of PIWIL2 expression in human ovarian cancer cell lines (CDDP and 2008C13) facilitate cisplatin resistance, likely through enhanced repair of cisplatin-induced DNA damage [82]. This evidence concerns the gene PIWIL2 and ovarian cancer.