Given that antiangiogenic agents that target VEGF signaling show clinical activity for NSCLC when administered in addition to chemotherapy [26,27], a phase II study (JO25567) was undertaken in Japan to compare erlotinib alone with erlotinib plus bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody to VEGF-A, as a first-line therapy in patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations. Here, VEGFA is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.