Further, ar-turmerone was reported to efficiently inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced invasion, colony formation, migration, stimulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in breast cancer cells at non-cytotoxic concentrations. This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and breast cancer.