CPQ and infection: Other interesting hits that might have a role in spruce defense against pathogens include homologs of A. thaliana LAP2 (an aminopeptidase playing key roles in senescence, stress response and amino acid turnover), FMO1 (a protein that promotes resistance and cell death at pathogen infection sites), MLO10 (transmembrane protein involved in cell death and defense responses) and TOXICOS EN LEVADURA 2 (ubiquitin ligase induced after exposure to chitin).