BDNF and Parkinson disease: In cellular and animal models of PD, zonisamide was reported to have various neuroprotective effects via mitochondrial protection, including antioxidant effects through manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) upregulation, adjustment of calcium influx, and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling systems [7,8,9,10,11,12,13].