Based on the protein-protein interaction profile, it is suggestive that the serum chemokines and cytokines exhibiting higher levels (CCL-1, 7, 15, 17, and 19; CXCL-2 and 9; IFNG; and MIF) in the TS-CONTROL compared to the TS-COPD group present a distinct molecular signature (Figure 3). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.