HBEGF and neoplasm: Chemokines promote the proliferation and survival of tumor cells by different mechanisms, including the induction of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) signalling pathways, promoting the expression of important growth-stimulating genes, such as cyclins D1 [14], Fos [15], and heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) [16].