SOX3 and panhypopituitarism, X-linked: In addition to gonad development, Sox3 was associated with X-linked mental retardation, growth hormone deficiency and X-linked panhypopituitarism in humans (Laumonnier et al., 2002; Bauters et al., 2014; Jelsig et al., 2018), and was required for the functions of pituitary and formation of midline structures in central nervous system in mice (Rizzoti et al., 2004).