Several factors were upregulated in both CCM and DCM including CXCL2, CXCL5, and CCL5 (average fold increase of 8.5/16.4, 4.9/6.4, and 3.5/6.6 for CCM and DCM, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL5 and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.