The recruitment of neutrophils in the CF airways occurs through the release of chemoattractants, including IL-8, LTB4, C5a, C5a-des-Arg, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), IL-17, proline-glycine-proline (PGP), N-acetyl PGP, and bacterial products such as N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) [25]. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is cystic fibrosis.