The majority of reviews highlight the two comprehensive trials, namely the phase I KEYNOTE-001 trial of pembrolizumab (anti-PD1) in patients with metastatic NSCLC [32] and the phase III PACIFIC trial of durvalumab (anti-PD-L1) in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC after ≥2 cycles of platinum-based chemoradiation [33]. Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.