HLA-C-restricted virus-specific CD8+ T cells have been described in the context of HIV infection where they recognize a highly conserved epitope and in HCMV infection where HLA-C*07:02-restricted CD8+ T cells dominate the T cell response to the immediate-early 1 (IE-1) viral antigen and their levels increase with age (34–36). The gene discussed is HLA-C; the disease is HIV infectious disease.