Previous studies demonstrate that rapamycin treatment inceased p62 levels in different cell lines and may have enhanced effects on autophagy.30, 31, 32, 33 In agreement with these previous reports our results demonstrate an increase in p62 with rapamycin treatment and this increase in p62 levels dropped significantly with Burkholderia infection in vitro compared to only Burkholderia infection. The gene discussed is SQSTM1; the disease is Burkholderia Infections.